1000 marek 1919

common

This note was issued on August 23, 1919, during Poland's critical period of re-establishing national sovereignty following World War I and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires. The Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa (Polish National Loan Bank) served as a temporary monetary authority while the newly independent Polish state organized its financial institutions. The prominent Polish state eagle with crown, depicted on the reverse, symbolized the restored Polish commonwealth and national identity, while the formal portrait on the obverse represents the authority and legitimacy of the emerging Polish government.

The obverse features an ornate rectangular frame composed of intricate scrollwork and floral motifs in brown and tan tones. On the right side is a portrait in profile facing left, rendered within an oval decorative cartouche with elaborate surround work. The left side contains the issuer information and state guarantee text. The reverse displays a large central circular medallion containing the Polish state eagle (Orzeł Białe) with spread wings, topped by a crown—the national emblem of Poland. The eagle is rendered in fine detail with classical heraldic styling. The denomination "1000" appears symmetrically on both sides of the central medallion. The entire design is framed by the same ornate border of scrollwork and floral patterns as the obverse. At the bottom of the reverse is the series designation "III SERIA AT" and serial number "№ 693029." The color scheme throughout is predominantly brown, tan, and beige with dark brown text and design elements, characteristic of early 20th-century European banknote printing.

{"front":{"issuer":"POLSKA KRAJOWA KASA POŻYCZKOWA = Polish National Loan Bank","denomination":"TYSIĄC MAREK POLSKICH = One Thousand Polish Marek","denomination_numeric":"1000","date":"WARSZAWA, DNIA 23-SIERPNIA 1919 ROKU = Warsaw, August 23, 1919","authority":"DYREKCJA POLSKIEJ KRAJOWEJ KASY POŻYCZKOWEJ = Direction of the Polish National Loan Bank","guarantee":"PAŃŚSTWO POLSKIE BIERZE NA SIEBIE ODPOWIEDZIAL NOŚCIAWYMIANĘ NINIEJSZEGO BILETU NA PRZYSZŁĄ WALUTĘ POLSKĄ WEDŁUG STOSUNKU KTÓRY DLA MAREK POLSKICH UCHWALISIJEM USTAWODAWCZY = The Polish State takes upon itself responsibility for the exchange of this note for future Polish currency at the rate adopted by the legislative body for Polish marek"},"back":{"issuer":"POLSKA KRAJOWA KASA POŻYCZKOWA = Polish National Loan Bank","denomination_left":"1000","denomination_right":"1000","series_serial":"III SERIA AT, № 693029 = Series III AT, Number 693029","counterfeiting_warning":"KTO PODRABIA LUB FAŁSZUJE BILETY POLSKIEJ KRAJOWEJ KASY POŻYCZKOWEJ ALBO POSZCZA W OBIEG LUB UŚWIĘ POŚĆIĆ W OBIEG PODROBIONE LUB FAŁSZOWANE BILETY PODLĘGA KARZE CIĘŻKIEGO WIĘZIENIA = Whoever counterfeits or forges notes of the Polish National Loan Bank or puts into circulation or attempts to put into circulation counterfeit or forged notes is subject to imprisonment."}}

This banknote was produced using intaglio engraving, the standard security printing method for high-denomination currency of the period. The detailed fine line work visible in the ornamental borders, the portrait rendering, and the eagle emblem all exhibit the characteristics of steel plate engraving followed by letterpress or offset printing. The sharp definition of text and the precise registration of design elements indicate professional-quality currency production. Historical records suggest this series was printed by established European security printers contracted by the Polish authorities, though specific printer attribution would require additional documentation.

This note is identified as Series III (SERIA III) with prefix letters AT, and bears serial number 693029. The series designation "III SERIA AT" visible on the reverse is the primary variety identifier for this note. The Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa issued marek notes in multiple series (I, II, III, and potentially others) with varying letter prefixes. The specific combination of Series III with AT prefix represents one variety within the broader 1000 marek 1919 emission. Collectors of Polish notes differentiate between series and letter prefix combinations, and this III SERIA AT variety is one of the documented production variants of Pick P-29.