1000 marek 1919

Common. The eBay price history provided demonstrates consistent market activity over a decade-long period with numerous sales in the $2-$15 range for ungraded and lower-grade examples, and PMG-graded examples (64-65) selling in the $37-$86 range. This pattern of regular sales at modest prices indicates broad collector availability. The Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa issued these notes in substantial quantities during 1919, and this particular Pick number (P-29) was not subject to recall or destruction that would have reduced surviving examples. While the AU condition grade enhances this specific specimen's value relative to heavily circulated examples, the denomination and issue are fundamentally common within the Polish numismatic market.

This banknote was issued during a pivotal moment in Polish history—August 23, 1919—when Poland was establishing its independent currency following the dissolution of the Russian, Austro-Hungarian, and German empires after World War I. The Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa served as Poland's interim central banking authority during the early years of the Second Polish Republic. The prominence of Tadeusz Kościuszko, the 18th-century Polish-Lithuanian military leader and hero of Polish independence struggles, symbolized continuity with Poland's historical fight for sovereignty and self-determination.

The obverse features a three-quarter portrait of Tadeusz Kościuszko positioned within an ornate oval decorative frame on the right side of the note. Kościuszko (1746-1817) was a celebrated Polish military commander, engineer, and statesman who fought in both the American Revolutionary War and Polish uprisings against Russian dominance. The portrait is rendered in fine engraving with careful attention to facial features and period military dress. The left side of the obverse contains the issuing bank's name and denominational text with ornamental baroque-style scrollwork throughout. The reverse displays a crowned Polish state eagle (the White Eagle, symbol of Poland) with spread wings as the dominant central element, positioned within a large circular heraldic seal. The eagle features the characteristic Polish crown and heraldic detailing typical of national emblems. The color scheme of purple/mauve on a brown and cream underprint creates strong visual contrast and aids in authentication. The ornamental borders with baroque floral and scrollwork patterns frame both sides, while text warnings against counterfeiting appear prominently on the reverse.

FRONT SIDE: 'POLSKA KRAJOWA KASA POŻYCZKOWA' (Polish National Loan Bank); 'TYSIĄC MAREK POLSKICH' (One Thousand Polish Marks); 'PAŃSTWO POLSKIE BIERZE NA SIEBIE ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ ZA WYMIANĘ NINIEJSZEGO BILETU NA PRZYSZŁĄ WALUTĘ POLSKĄ W OBIEG WNIEŚĆ MOŻE TEŻ TEN BILET KTÓRY DLA MAREK POLSKICH UCHWALI SEJM USTAWODAWCZY WARSZAWA, DNIA 23 SIERPNIA 1919 ROKU DYREKCJA POLSKIEJ KRAJOWEJ KASY POŻYCZKOWEJ' (The Polish State assumes responsibility for the exchange of this note for future Polish currency. This bill may also be introduced into circulation by the legislative Sejm for Polish marks. Warsaw, August 23, 1919. Direction of the Polish National Loan Bank); Denomination '1000'. BACK SIDE: 'POLSKA KRAJOWA KASA POŻYCZKOWA' (Polish National Loan Bank); Denomination '1000' (appears on both left and right sides); 'KTO PODRABIA LUB FAŁSZUJE BILETY POLSKIEJ KRAJOWEJ KASY POŻYCZKOWEJ ALBO PUSZCZA W OBIEG LUB USŁUGUJE PUSCIĆ W OBIEG PODROBIONE LUB FAŁSZOWANE BILETY, PODLĘGA KARZE CIEŻKIEGO WIĘZIENIA' (Whoever counterfeits or forges the banknotes of the Polish National Loan Bank or puts into circulation or attempts to put counterfeit or forged banknotes into circulation is subject to a sentence of hard imprisonment); Series designation 'I SERYJA BS'; Serial number 'Nr 335577'.

This note was produced using intaglio (engraved) printing, the standard security printing method for banknotes of this era. The fine line work visible throughout the design, the detailed portrait engraving of Kościuszko, the intricate heraldic eagle emblem, and the crisp ornamental borders are characteristic of intaglio production. The multi-color printing (purple, brown, and cream tones) was achieved through sequential passes of different color inks, a technique standard for banknote production of the 1919 period. The security features—detailed engraving, fine line patterns, and ornamental complexity—would have been difficult to counterfeit with contemporary technology, providing protection against forgery during a period of currency instability.

This example is Series I (1 Seryja), variety BS, with serial number 335577. The external catalog reference notes the existence of 6 serial number varieties for this Pick number, indicating different serial ranges were printed. The series designation 'BS' is prominently displayed on the reverse. PMG's population report indicates they have catalogued 1 variant for this base Pick number. The specific series/serial combination and the AU condition grade distinguish this particular note, though it represents a standard production variety rather than a known overprint, date variation, or printing error.